He originally described it as Filariae hominis oris, and initially considered the worm was a guinea worm ( Dracunculus medinensis), but because of the unique location of the worm ( buccal cavity), and the relatively short size compared to the guinea worm, the hypothesis was disregarded. Joseph Leidy, when he identified a worm "obtained from the mouth of a child" from the Philadelphia Academy (however, an earlier case may have been treated in patient Elizabeth Livingstone in the seventeenth century ). The first reported case was in 1850 by Dr.
Gongylonema pulchrum was first named and presented with its own species by Molin in 1857. Gongylonema also swallows these exudates. Also, very often the canals are a place of inflammation, with accumulation of exudates in them. They also have an excretory system possessing lateral canals. They have numerous rear mucosal projections, which assumedly assist propulsion through the thin layer of skin on the inside of the human host's mouth. This parasite is multi-cellular, and capable of movement. Most other Gongylonema species infect birds and mammals: there are 25 species found in mammals and 10 species found in birds.
It is a relatively thin nematode, and like other worms within its class, it has no circulatory or respiratory system. pulchrum parasite is a nematode worm of the order Spirurida. There are seven genera of spirudia nematodes that infect human hosts accidentally: Gnathostoma, Thelazia, Gongylonema, Physaloptera, Spirocerca, Rictularia. Gongylonema pulchrum infections are due to humans acting as accidental hosts for the parasite.
Gongylonema pulchrum is the only parasite of the genus Gongylonema capable of infecting humans.
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